ABSTRACT. An enhanced level of drought tolerance in wheat (Triticum spp.) may be reached through combining agronomic and physiological traits associated with grain yield under drought conditions. We aimed to explore valuable diversity for the drought tolerance, existed in the core collection of Iranian spring bread wheat landraces. A number of 206 spring bread wheat accessions along with the check cultivar were assessed for grain yield, drought-adaptive traits, and estimated drought tolerance criteria during 2016-17 and 2017-18 growing seasons. Analysis of data using the best linear unbiased predictions (BLUPs) approach revealed that the genotype x environment (GE) interactions accounted for the highest variation in grain yield (36.23%) followed by 1000-kernel weight (35.39%), heading date (21.4%), days to maturity (16.38%), and plant height (5.83%). Using the hierarchical cluster analysis and developed pattern heat map based on the values for the agronomic traits and drought resistance indices, the accessions clustered into nine groups of different sets of agronomic and drought tolerance characteristics. Several accessions with high yield potential, early heading, optimal plant stature and high drought tolerance groups were identified. Three drought selection criteria of stress tolerance index (STI), geometric mean productivity (GMP) and mean productivity (MP) were more effective in identifying accessions producing higher yield under both drought and irrigated conditions. The superior accessions identified in this study may be explored further for breeding new wheat cultivars with enhanced level of drought tolerance.

Abstract This study aims to investigate the effect of Viola tricolor extract on hippocampal neuronal death, interleukin (IL) -6 and IL-10 expression, spatial memory, anxiety, and depression in rats exposed to chronic immobilization stress. Rats were divided into groups Control, Viola300, Viola600, Stress, Stress-Viola300, and Stress-Viola600. Animals were placed in a restrainer (6 h / 21 days) to stress exposure. V. tricolor hydro-alcoholic extract was also administrated at doses of 300 and 600 mg/kg by gavage. The extract caused immobilized animals to spend more time in the target quadrant in the Morris water maze test. It also increased the percentage of entries into the open arm and the percentage of time spent in the open arm of the elevated plus-maze in immobilized rats. Treatment with the V. tricolor extract significantly reduced the immobility time of stressed rats in the forced swimming test. Furthermore, it significantly reduced neuronal death and expression of IL-6 in the hippocampus of immobilized animals but could not prevent the decrease of IL-10 expression. We concluded that V. tricolor protects rats from stress-induced behavioral damages, at least in part, by suppressing neuronal death and decreasing IL-6 expression.

Resumen Recientemente, Xiong et al. (2019) introdujeron una medida alternativa de incertidumbre conocida como entropía residual acumulativa fraccionada (FCRE). En este articulo, primero, estudiamos algunas propiedades generales de FCRE y su versión dynami. También consideramos una versión de entropía pareada acumulativa fraccionaria para una vida aleatoria. Luego, aplicamos la medida FCRE para la vida útil del sistema coherente con componentes distribuidos de manera idéntica.

Abstract Recently, Xiong et al. (2019) introduced an alternative measure of uncertainty known as the fractional cumulative residual entropy (FCRE). In this paper, first, we study some general properties of FCRE and its dynamic version. We also consider a version of fractional cumulative paired entropy for a random lifetime. Then we apply the FCRE measure for the coherent system lifetimes with identically distributed components.